Winding for electric motors.



MOTORS. 4. 191g.

m JJ. 0 we w 9 I 1. ow m ADV tu m F c E M w. H w 1 APPLICATION FILEDUAR.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NEIL CUBBIE, JR., F PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TOGENERALELECTBIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

WINDING FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS;

1;257,193 Specification of Letters Patent Patented Feb, 19, 1918.

Application filed March 4, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NEIL CURR]EE, JI., a citizen of the United States,residing at -Pittsfield, county of Berkshire, State of Serial No.82,098,

winding and so that a plurality of slots are only partly filled by thesmaller coils, where by the coils of the compensating winding can beaccommodated in such partly-filled slots.

5 Massachusetts, have invented certain new \Vhile my invention in itscomplete asand useful Improvements in lVindings for pect relates to amotor having two wind.- Electric Motors, of which the following is ings,arranged for example on the stator,

a specification. still the principle of the invention can be Myinvention relates to electric motors, very advantageously applied to asingle dis- 10 and has for its object the provision of an tributedwinding, and in particular to the improved winding for such motors. Thefield winding of alternating current motors, invention more particularlyrelates to elec especially of the repulsion motor type. As tric motorshaving two separate windings, applied to such a motor the improvedwindwhich I will call field windings, arranged ing of my presentinvention is a lap wind- 15 on one member of the motor, usually the ingcomposed of coils of substantially unistator member. Alternating currentmoform pitch, all of which are wound of a tors of the compensatedrepulsion-induction continuous conductor; Certain of the coils motortype are examples of such motors. have substantially twice .as manyturns as With respect to motors of this type the obthe others and areassembled as aone-layer 20 ject of my invention is to provide a novellap winding, while the half-size coils are and improved arrangement ofthe two field assembled as a two-layer winding. windings Morespecifically the object of The novel, features of my invention which. myinventionis to provide a-distributed mo- I believe to be patentable aredefinitely intor winding composed of substantially llIlldicated in theclaims appended hereto. The

25 form coils wound of a continuous conductor arrangement and advantagesof my imso and assembled as a lap winding. The in proved winding and themethod of winding vention in its complete aspect will be better andassembling the same will be better'ununderstood by considering a motorhaving derstood from the following description -two separate windings onits stator, and to taken. in conjunction with the accompanying this endI will herein particularly refer to drawings, in which;

the compensated repulsion-induction motor Figure 1 diagrammaticallyrepresents a .for the purpose of explaining the principle typicalrepulsion-induction motor to which, of my invention. -my invention isparticularly applicable;

The compensated repulsion-induction mo- Fig. 2 is a. diagrammatic endview of a motor has an inducing winding usually artor of the typerepresented in Fig. 1 emranged on its stator member and designed bodyingthe invention; Figs. 3 and 4 are to be electrically connected to thesource of diagrammatic-views of the inducing wind- 'alternating currentenergy. The armature ing of the motor illustrated in Fig.2 before orinduced winding is a commutatedwindthe winding is assembled; and 5 and40 ing of the direct current type and is short- 6 are diagrammatic viewsillustrating other circuited along one axis and electrically embodimentsof the invention. connected along another axis, displaced by Fig. 1diagrammatically illustrates a .twosubstantially 90 electrical degreesfrom the pole repulsion-induction motor of a wellshort-circuited axis,to a compensating known type. This motor has a commu- -45 windingarranged on the same member of tated armature winding of the directcurthe motor asthe inducing winding and havrent type diagrammaticallyrepresented in ing substantially the same axis of magneti- Fig. 1 by thecircle A. The main field or inzation. In accordance with my presentinducing winding B of the motor is arranged vention the inducing windingof this motor on the stator core and is adapted to be con- '50 iscomposed of coils of substantially uniform nectcd to a source ofalternating current enitch wound of a continuous conductor. ergy 6 bymeans of a switch 7. A compen-' ,ome of the coils have substantiallytwice satin}; winding C having substantially the as many turns as theothers, and the larger same axis of magnetization as the inducing coilsare assembled as a one-layer lap windwinding B is also arranged on thestator 55. ing and the smaller coils as a two-layer lap core. Thearmature winding is short-circal degrees from the brushes 8-8, and allof these brushes may lie mounted on the same brush yoke which may ifdesired be movable as in the well known brush-lifting motors of thistype. Numerous other opcratively equivalent arrangements of thecommutator brushes are known and used, and I have -illustrated oneparticular arrangement for the purpose of explanation.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic end view of a. compensated repulsion-inductionmotor of the type represented by Fig. 1 embodying my present invention.The motor has a laminated -magnetic core r stator member 20 havinguniformly distributed slots 91 of substantially the same size. Theinducing and compensating windings'B and C are arranged in the slots 21.The inducing winding B is composed of a plurality of coils ofsubstantially uniform pitch, certain of which coils, however, havesubstantially twice asmany turns as the others. In the two-pole machinerepresented in Fig. 2, the inducing winding B is made up of eight coils,four of which, 12, 13, 16 and 17, have twice as-many turns as the otherfour, 11, 14, 15 and 18. These coils are arranged in the slots 21 as alap winding, and it will be observed that the larger coils, 12, 13. 16audl'l, are arranged as aone-layerlap winding while the one-half sizecoils, 11, 14, 15 and 18 are arranged as a two-layer lap winding.lurrent distribution in the slot part of the conductors of these coilsis shown in this figure by means of the usual convention, in whichcrosses and circles applied to the conductors indicate, respectively,that the current is flowing away from or toward the observer. "lhe backconnections of the coils including the connections from coil to coil areshown in dotted lines. I

Fig. 3 illustrates one manner in which the coilsof the inducing windingcan be wound of a continuous conductor. Let it be assumed for thepurposes of eriplanation that. the coil 11 has ten turns. These tenturns vided into. tw sections of ten turns each,

thereby forming the"two'ten-turncoils 14 and 15." In this manner alleight coils are wound of a continuous conductor. Coils 15, l6, l7 and 18are next turned over, as indicated in Fig. 4, so that the;relative'direction of current How in thesescolls is opposite to that inthe other four coils, and hence the two sets of coils whenassembledproduce poles of opposite magnetic polarity. The eight coils, wound andarranged as represented in Figs. 3 and 4, are assembled in the slots 21,as indicated in Fig. 2. It will be observed that every small coil 11,14, 15 and 18 occupies one slot in conjunction with another mall coil,while the other slot-portion of each small coil occupies a slot in con-.junction with a coil c of the compensating winding. In other wordsQwhenthe inducing windin B has beenasscmbled in the slots 21 of the two-polemotor of Fig. 2, there are two pairs of partly-filled slots in which thecoils c of the compensating winding are adapted to be placeme tspreviously stated, the larger coils zir arranged as a one-layer lapwinding and he smaller coils as a two-laycr lap winding, and,accordingly, the smaller coils :110 1)0S1tlt"\6d in different. slotsthan the larger coils and so that a pluralit'y of slots per pole areonly partly filled by'the smalerroils, \vhereb the compen-, satinwinding coils 0 may be arranged in these partly-filled slots.

- The imlucingwinding and compensating winding f four-pole inachine aredia- -grammat1cally represented in Fig, 5. The

larger coils b, indicatedinIFig. 5 by heavy lines. havesubstantially-tyvice as many turns as the smaller coils Z), "radarsadapted to occupy uniformly distributed slotsof substantially the samesize inithel field-magnet core. As previously explained the interiorsmall coils I) can be initiallywound with thesalne number of turnsaS-the-larger coils b and subsequentlydivitledzinto twogequal portionsand folded back-to formtwo small coils. It will he observedthat-all-ofthcoils b and b have substantially the'same p tch, just as in the two-polewinding hereinbefore described. The coils o of the compe'nsatin windingoccupy these slots only partly filled bythe smaller coils b.

In Fig. 6 of the drawings I have diagrammatically represented two polesofa WVlIltllllg' wound of a cont1nu0us c0nductor as explained inconncction'witli Figs. 3 and 4. which is adapted to be used as theinduc-; ing winding of a non-compensated repulsion motor. This windingis therefore designed to fill all of the slots in the magnetic core,- 7

and no auxiliary or compensating winding is associated therewith. Tothis end' the slot-portion of every small coil 6'' occupies a slot inconjunction with the slot-portion Thisresults in 100 per cent. of theslots being filled with a sin.-

l wi ding wound of a continuous conductor and composed elf-Substantiallyuni- O others and being arranged in said slot as a form coils assembledas a lap winding. Th larger coils b are arranged as a onelayer lapwinding and the smaller coils b are arranged as a two-layer lap winding,as will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from aninspection of Fig. 6.

The improved motor winding of my present invention is inexpensive andeasily assembled. Since the winding is continuous there are no coil endconnections to be soldered, and the best possible electrical connectionsbetween coils are obtained. The coils are all of the same size and canbe wound on the same bobbin, which is of particular advantage from amanufacturing standpoint. Furthermore, a lap winding is a very desirabletype of motor winding, and thy present invention not only enables theuse of a lap winding, where heretofore concentric coils have been used,but alsoenables the use of a continuous conductor for this winding.While I have diagrammatically indicated in the accompanying drawingswindings in which each pair of poles are made of a continuous conductor,I wish it to be understood that any other number of poles, more or less,may be wound of the same continuous conductor, and the number of poleswhich will in practice be wound of a continuous conductor will dependupon the facility with which the coils so 'wonnd can be handled andassembled.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

1. An electric motor comprising a magnetic core having slots therein,and a winding arranged in said slots. said winding. being composed ofcoils of substantially uniform pitch,some of which have substantiallytwice as many turns as the others, the larger of said coils beingarranged as a one-layer lap winding and the smaller as a two-layerlap'winding.

2. An electric motor comprising a magnetic core having slots thereln,and a winding arranged in said slots, said winding being composed ofcoils of substantially uniform pitch, all of which are wound 0L9.continuous conductor. certain of said-coils having substantially twiceas many turns s the one-layer lap winding while the smaller coils arearranged in said slots as a two-layer lap Winding.

3. An alternating current. motor comprising an inducing winding, and acommutated armature winding short-circuited along one axis, saidinducing winding being composed of coils of substantially uniform pitch,some of which have substantially twice as many turns as the others, allof the coils of 1 pole of said winding being wound of. a continuousconductor, the larger of said coils being arranged as a one-layer lapwinding and the smaller as a two layer lap winding.

4. An alternating current motor comprising a magnetic core having slotstherein, an inducing winding, and a commutatcd armature windingshort-cireuited along one axis, said inducing winding being composed ofcoils of substantially uniform pitch, all of which are wound of acontinuous conductor, certain of said coils having substantially twiceas many turns as the others and being arranged in said slots as aone-layer lap winding while the smaller coils are arranged in said slotsas a two-layer lap winding.

5. An electric motor comprising a ma netic core having slots therein,and a winding'arranged in such slots, said winding being composed ofcoils of substantially uniform pitch, all of the coils of each pole ofsaid winding being wound of a continuous conductor, certain of saidcoils having substantially twice as many turns as the others andbeingarranged in said slots as a onelayer lap winding while the smallercoils are arranged in said slots as ajtwo-layer winding.

6. An alternating current motor comprising an inducing winding, :1commutated armature winding short-circnited along one axis, and acompensating winding electrically connected-to the armature windingalong an axis displaced by substantially'90 electrical degrees, from theaxis of said short-circuit, said inducing and compensating windingsbeing arranged on the-same member of the motor and having snbstantinllythe same axes of magnetization, said inducing winding being composed ofcoils of subsliintialtv uniform pitch, some of which have substantiallytwice as many turns as the others, the larger coils being arranged as aone-layer lap winding and the smaller coils being arranged as a twolayer lap winding. 1

7. An alternating current motor comprising a magnetic core having slotstherein, an inducing winding, :1 commutated armature winding short-circnited albng one axis, and

a compensating winding electrically con-- 'nected to the armaturewinding along an axis displaced by snbstantially'90 electrical degreesfrom the :n'ris of said short-circuit, said inducing and compensatingwindings being arranged inthe slots of said core and havingsubstantially the same axes of magnetization, said inducing windingbeing composed of coils of substantially uniform pitch, some of whichhave substantially Y twice as many turnsas the others, the larger ofsaid coils being arranged as a one-layer lap winding and the smaller asa two-layer lap winding and-so that a plurality ofslots iao tricallyconnected to said induced winding.

9. An electric motor comprising a mag netic core having uniformlydistributed slots of substantially the same size, a main field windingarran ed in said slots, said main field winding ielllg composed of coilsof substantially uniform pitch, some of which have substantially twiceas many turns as the others, the larger of said coils being arranged asa one-layer lap winding an the smaller as a two-layer lap winding and sothat a plurality. of slots are only partly filled, and an auxiliaryfield winding arranged in said partly-filled slots.

10. An electric motor comprising a mag neti'ecore having slots therein,a main field winding' arranged in said slots, said field winding beingcomposed of coils of sub stantiallyuniform pitch and having a pluralityof coils per pole with substantially one-half. as many turns as theother coils,

the smaller coils being arranged in different slots than thelarger coilsand so that a plurality of slots are only partly filled thereby, and anauxiliary field winding arranged cuited along one axis, andaromfpensating in said partly-filled slots; p 11. An electric motorcomprising a ma netic core having slots therein, a main fi d windingarranged in said slots, said field winding being composed of coils ofsubstan tially uniform pitch, certain of said coils having substantiallytwice as many turns as;

' winding,

the others and being arranged in said slots winding being'composed ofcoils of substan tially uniform pitch and having a plurality 'of coilsper pole with substantially one-half as many turns as the other coils,the larger of said coils being arranged as acne-layer winding and thesmaller as a two-layer the smaller coils being accordingly arranged indifferent slots than the larger coils and so that a plurality of slotsare only partly-filled thereby,'and an auxiliary field windingarranged-in said partly-filled slots.

13. An alternating current motor comprising a. magnetic core havinguniformly distributed slots of substantially the same size, an inducingwinding arranged in said slots, said inducing winding being composed ofcoils of uniform pitch and having a plurality of'coils per pole withsubstantially one-half asmany turns asthe other coils, the larger ofsaid coils being arranged as a one-layer ,windin and thesmaller as atwo-layer winding, t e smaller coils being further arranged s'o-that aplurality of slots per pole are' only partly filled' thereby, a'commutated armature winding short-cirwinding arranged in said partly 7led slots and electrically, connected to said armature windin a Inwitness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of February,1916'.

NEIL CURRI'E, J

